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1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 49(6)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423728

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La consulta nutricional es la primera línea de atención en niñas y niños en salud pública que presentan condiciones de malnutrición por déficit o exceso. Sin embargo, la atención a estos niños y niñas fue afectada por las movilizaciones sociales y la pandemia por COVID-19. Objetivo: Evaluar la tendencia de las consultas realizadas a menores de 9 años por profesional nutricionista en la región del Maule, Chile, desde el año 2017 a 2021. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal histórico basado en los datos de los Registros Estadísticos Mensuales (REM) del Servicio de Salud del Maule, las tendencias fueron analizadas con coeficiente de determinación (R2) mediante la regresión de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Se analizaron 274.377 consultas nutricionales de niños/as menores de 9 años. 53,8% en clasificación de malnutrición por exceso y 12,1% en déficit. Se registró una disminución de 56,8% en las consultas nutricionales durante las movilizaciones sociales y un 92% al inicio de pandemia. Se observó una tendencia al aumento de las consultas por déficit nutricional, especialmente en menores de 12 meses (R2 0,633, β=4,45, p<0,001). Conclusión: La situación social y epidemiológica afectaron significativamente las atenciones nutricionales en salud pública. Es necesario dar una mayor visibilidad de los profesionales nutricionistas y promover el desarrollo de estrategias innovadoras para afrontar este escenario epidemiológico.


Background: The nutritional appointments is the first line of care for children with malnutrition or overweight in public primary health, but its normal functioning was affected by social mobilizations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To evaluate trends in consultations among children under 9 years of age in the Maule region, Chile, between 2017 and 2021. Methods: Descriptive longitudinal study based on data from the Monthly Statistical Records (REM) of the Maule Health Service, the trends were analyzed with coefficient of determination (R2) using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: 274,377 nutritional consultations were analyzed, of which 53.8% were overweight and 12.1% with malnutrition. A 56.8% decrease in nutritional consultations was recorded during social mobilizations and 92% at the beginning of the pandemic. A tendency to increase consultations due to malnutrition was observed, especially in children under 12 months of age (R2 0.633, β=4.45, p<0.001). Conclusion: The social and epidemiological situations significantly affected nutritional care in public health. It is necessary to give nutrition professionals greater visibility and promote the development of innovative strategies to deal with this epidemiological scenario.

2.
Rev. mex. ing. bioméd ; 42(2): 1123, May.-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251954

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This investigation aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of nanostructured hydroxyapatite based materials doped with silver and fluorine, to be used as a biomaterial with antibacterial activity. Four different formulations were prepared by combustion method: hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite-fluorine, hydroxyapatite-silver-fluorine and hydroxyapatite-silver, with 2% of the doping agents. X-ray diffraction technique was used to determine the mineralogy, identifying the presence of Ca5(PO4)3OH, Ca2P2O7, Ag3PO4, AgCa10(PO4)7 Ca5(PO4)3F and CaF2 phases for the studied samples. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological structure and it showed homogeneous crystallization of the hydroxyapatite and the inclusion of dopant agents. The antibacterial activity was determined using a modified inhibition test zone to observe if the bacteria (E. faecalis) was susceptible to the antimicrobial agent by the appearance of the zone of inhibition on the agar plate. Both the hydroxyapatite-silver and the hydroxyapatite-silver-fluorine materials generated an inhibition zone. It was possible to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration needed to kill most viable organisms after 48 hours of incubation using the broth microdilution method, resulting in 75 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml for the hydroxyapatite-silver and the hydroxyapatite-silver-fluorine formulation, respectively. These materials could be used for the development of new biomaterials that can be used in dental applications.


RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la actividad antibacteriana de materiales nanoestructurados a base de hidroxiapatita con iones de flúor y plata que le confieran características particulares para que pueda ser utilizado como un biomaterial con actividad antimicrobiana. Se realizaron cuatro formulaciones distintas: hidroxiapatita, hidroxiapatita-flúor, hidroxiapatita-plata-flúor e hidroxiapatita-plata con un 2% de los agentes dopantes. La síntesis del material se realizó a través del método de combustión. La caracterización mineral se realizó a través de difracción de rayos X identificando las siguientes fases en las diversas formulaciones: Ca5(PO4)3OH, Ca2P2O7, Ag3PO4, AgCa10(PO4)7 Ca5(PO4)3F and CaF2. La estructura morfológica se analizó a través de microscopía electrónica de barrido que muestra la formación de estructuras compactas, presencia de cristales y la incrustación de flúor y plata. Se analizó la actividad antimicrobiana utilizando una prueba modificada para la observación del halo de inhibición, encontrándose solamente que los materiales que contenían plata-flúor y plata generaron dicho halo de inhibición. Por otra parte, usando la prueba de microdilución en pozo se encontró que la concentración mínima inhibitoria para el material de HA-Ag fue de 75 μg/ml y para el material de HA-Ag-F fue de 200 μg/ml, después de 48 horas de incubación utilizando E. faecalis.

3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 33(1): 39-41, ene.-feb. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248631

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Bisphosphonates have been the gold standard in the management of osteoporosis. Its antiresorptive effect has reduced the incidence of fractures due to bone fragility, as well as its impact on public health. We present the clinical case of a patient in prolonged treatment with bisphosphonates and atypical bilateral femur fracture. Case report: A 65-year-old female who presented a fall from her own height, on treatment with risedronate for seven years, and a history of systemic arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, both with medical treatment. Diagnosed with bilateral atypical femoral fracture, treated with closed reduction internal fixation (CRIF) with intramedullary nailing, application of calcium citrate and teriparatide. Discussion: Multiple studies indicate that the benefit of using bisphosphonates for osteoporosis is higher than the risk of presenting atypical fractures.


Resumen: Introducción: Los bifosfonatos han sido de gran utilidad en el manejo de la osteoporosis. Su efecto antirresortivo ha disminuido la incidencia de fracturas por fragilidad ósea, así como, su impacto en salud pública. Presentamos el caso clínico de una usuaria en tratamiento prolongado con bifosfonatos y fractura atípica de fémur bilateral. Caso clínico: Femenino de 65 años, presenta caía de su plano de sustentación, en tratamiento con risedronato desde hace siete años y antecedente de hipertensión arterial sistémica e hipercolesterolemia, ambas con manejo médico. Diagnosticada con fractura bilateral de fémur, tratada con enclavado centro-medular, citrato de calcio y teriparatida. Discusión: Múltiples estudios refieren que el beneficio del uso de bifosfonatos en la prevención del riesgo de fracturas es mayor, aunque exista la posibilidad de presentar fracturas atípicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Osteoporosis/drug therapy , Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects , Femoral Fractures/etiology , Teriparatide , Diphosphonates
4.
Rev. salud pública Parag ; 7(1): 33-36, ene-jun. 2017. tab, mapa
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-884653

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las poblaciones propensas a sufrir la aparición del dengue y otras enfermedades transmitidas por el Aedes aegypti en aquellas que no cuentan con un adecuado sistema de eliminación de residuos (desechos sólidos) y el suministro de agua potable es deficiente, lo cual contribuye a la aparición de los criaderos del mosquito vector. OBJETIVO: Describir los tipos de criaderos de Aedes aegypti en la ciudad de Asunción en el periodo 2011-2014. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional descriptivo sobre los criaderos registrados en la base de datos del Servicio Nacional de Erradicación del Paludismo del levantamiento larval de Aedes aegypti en Asunción en el periodo 2011-2014. Resultados: Se denotó el predominio de criaderos inservibles, representando entre el 58% y el 72% del total de criaderos positivos encontrados, seguidos de los criaderos útiles (26% y el 40%), y por último los criaderos naturales (≤2%). Los criaderos útiles, inservibles y naturales exhiben una homogeneidad en los diferentes años analizados, representada por floreros, bebedero con agua para los criaderos considerados de utilidad para el ciudadano; neumáticos usados, cubetas descartables y desechos sólidos para los criaderos inservibles y axilas de hojas en lo que respecta a criaderos naturales. CONCLUSIÓN: La información obtenida podrá optimizar las decisiones y acciones del control vectorial del Aedes aegypti en lo referente a la focalización de los criaderos y su posterior disposición final por parte de la comuna o entidades responsables.


INTRODUCTION: The populations prone to dengue and other diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti are those that do not have an adequate waste disposal system (solid waste) and the drinking water supply is deficient, which contributes to the emergence of mosquito vector breeding containers. OBJECTIVE: To describe the types of Aedes aegypti breeding site in the city of Asunción in the 2011-2014period. METHODOLOGY: Observational descriptive study on breeding siteregistered in the database of the National Malaria Eradication Service of the larval survey of Aedes aegypti in Asunción in the 2011- 2014period. Results: There was a predominance of unusable breeding sites, representing between 58% and 72% of the total number of positive breeding, followed by the useful breeding site (26% and 40%), and finally the natural breeding sites (≤2%) . The useful, unusable and natural breeding places exhibit a homogeneity in the different years analyzed, represented by vases, drinker with water for the breeding site considered useful for people; used tires, disposable buckets and unserviceable solid waste for useless hatcheries and leaf armpits for natural breeding site. CONLCUSION: The information obtained will allow optimizing decisions and actions onAedes aegypti vector control in relation to the targeting of breeding sites and their subsequent final disposal by the commune or responsible entities.


Subject(s)
Aedes , Aedes/growth & development , Dengue , Dengue/prevention & control , Dengue/transmission , Paraguay
5.
Rev. salud pública Parag ; 7(1): 37-44, ene-jun. 2017. tab, ilus, mapa
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-884661

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La malaria o paludismo es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por un parásito del género Plasmodium, transmitida por la picadura de un mosquito hembra infectado, del género Anopheles, siendo el reservorio fundamental de propagación el hombre infectado. En Paraguay la enfermedad se relacionaba con los niveles de pobreza en departamentos como Alto Paraná, Caaguazú, Canindeyú, donde se presentaban alteraciones ecológicas debido a la expansión poblacional y obras como la represa hidroeléctrica de Itaipú. Estos departamentos presentaban elevado Índice Parasitario Anual (IPA), indicadores utilizados en la etapa de control de la malaria según la clasificación estipulada para el país. Objetivo: Describir la historia epidemiológica de los últimos 60 años de la malaria en Paraguay y sus estrategias de eliminación. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transverso de datos recolectados en el Servicio Nacional de Erradicación de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores (SENEPA) dependiente del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social. Resultados: Las actividades sostenidas de vigilancia y control basadas en la vigilancia institucional y comunitaria, a través de puestos de notificación y colaboradores voluntarios han logrado disminuir en un 99% el número de casos en un lapso de diez años (2000-2011) superando ampliamente una de las metas de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio ODM 2015 de lograr una reducción de 50% en el número de casos, manteniéndose el control en la franja de éxito. Conclusión: La epidemiología actual de malaria en Paraguay se caracteriza por una situación de no transmisión autóctona, pero con potencial riesgo de reintroducción, atendiendo el creciente flujo migratorio con países endémicos y a la presencia de condicionantes para la transmisión, como por ejemplo la amplia distribución de especies vectores en el territorio nacional y el proceso recientemente de las acciones transversales de vigilancia y atención al paciente hacia los servicios de salud.


Introduction: Malaria is vector borne disease caused by the parasite of the genus Plasmodium. It is transmitted to humans by the infected female mosquito of the genus Anopheles. The infected patient with Malaria is the main reservoir of the infection. In Paraguay this disease has historically been related to certain poverty geographic region, such Alto Paraná, Caaguazú and Canindeyú, where environmental changes were predominantly present mostly because of population expansion, and major construction sites, such as the Itaipu hydroelectric dam. These departments had high Annual Parasitic Index (API), indicators used in the malaria control stage according to the classification stipulated for the country. Objective: to describe the epidemiological history of the last 60 years of malaria in Paraguay, and the main strategies that were used for the elimination. Methods: Is a cross-sectional descriptive study based on the data collected through the years by the National Service of Malaria Eradication (SENEPA). Results: The sustained monitoring and control activities, based mostly on institutional and community surveillance, through reporting posts and voluntary collaborators, have managed to reduce the number of cases over a period of ten years (2000-2011) by 99%. One of the goals of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2015 to achieve a 50% reduction in the number of cases, keeping control on the fringe of success. Conclusion: The current epidemiology of malaria in Paraguay is characterized by a situation of autochthonous nontransmission, but with a potential risk of re-introduction, taking into account the increasing migratory flow with endemic countries and the presence of conditions for transmission, such as the wide distribution of vector species in the national territory and the recent process of cross-cutting surveillance and patient care actions towards health services.


Subject(s)
Malaria , Malaria/epidemiology , Paraguay
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(3): 298-306, mar. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-784898

ABSTRACT

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) refers to individuals' perception of their subjective well-being, considering various aspects of their life and the impact on their health. Aim: To analyze gender differences in the HRQOL of adolescent students in Chile, by age, type of school attended, and area of residence. Material and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a population of 5th and 12th grade students attending municipal, subsidized and private schools in 11 regions of the country. HRQOL was assessed with the KIDSCREEN-52, an instrument that has been previously adapted and validated in Chile. The database obtained from that adaption and validation process was analyzed. Results: In total, 7,910 students (median age 14 years, 53% female) completed the questionnaire. Compared to males, females had lower HRQOL scores in most of the KIDSCREEN-52 dimensions. However, males were more likely to have lower scores in the “Peers and Social Support” and “School Environment” dimensions. These differences remained valid when the sample was stratified by age, type of school, and area of residence were analyzed. Conclusions: This study supports the existence of inequalities in the self-perceived HRQOL of Chilean adolescent students. The existing differences are not only related to gender but are also evident when stratifying by type of school attended.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Quality of Life , Self Concept , Students/statistics & numerical data , Child Welfare/statistics & numerical data , Peer Group , Socioeconomic Factors , Logistic Models , Chile , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Age Factors
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 49(2): e5001, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-766983

ABSTRACT

Various methods are available for preservation of vascular grafts for pulmonary artery (PA) replacement. Lyophilization and cryopreservation reduce antigenicity and prevent thrombosis and calcification in vascular grafts, so both methods can be used to obtain vascular bioprostheses. We evaluated the hemodynamic, gasometric, imaging, and macroscopic and microscopic findings produced by PA reconstruction with lyophilized (LyoPA) grafts and cryopreserved (CryoPA) grafts in dogs. Eighteen healthy crossbred adult dogs of both sexes weighing between 18 and 20 kg were used and divided into three groups of six: group I, PA section and reanastomosis; group II, PA resection and reconstruction with LyoPA allograft; group III, PA resection and reconstruction with CryoPA allograft. Dogs were evaluated 4 weeks after surgery, and the status of the graft and vascular anastomosis were examined macroscopically and microscopically. No clinical, radiologic, or blood-gas abnormalities were observed during the study. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) in group III increased significantly at the end of the study compared with baseline (P=0.02) and final [P=0.007, two-way repeat-measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA)] values. Pulmonary vascular resistance of groups II and III increased immediately after reperfusion and also at the end of the study compared to baseline. The increase shown by group III vs group I was significant only if compared with after surgery and study end (P=0.016 and P=0.005, respectively, two-way RM ANOVA). Microscopically, permeability was reduced by ≤75% in group III. In conclusion, substitution of PAs with LyoPA grafts is technically feasible and clinically promising.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Allografts/physiology , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Cryoprotective Agents , Cryopreservation/methods , Freeze Drying/methods , Glutaral , Pulmonary Artery , Analysis of Variance , Allografts/anatomy & histology , Allografts/surgery , Blood Pressure , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Pulmonary Circulation , Pulmonary Artery/pathology , Pulmonary Artery/physiology , Transplantation, Homologous , Vascular Resistance
8.
Acta ortop. mex ; 29(5): 275-279, sep.-oct. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-782707

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones de la articulación tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) son producidas en accidentes automovilísticos en más de 20% de los casos, siendo poco común este tipo de trauma y su reducción ha sido reportada en 50% de los casos de manera cerrada. Un paciente masculino de 18 años de edad electricista participa en trauma de alta energía, presentando fractura luxación de Lisfranc expuesta de pie izquierdo grado III B Gustilo y Anderson, siendo sometido a lavado y desbridamiento quirúrgicos, reducción abierta y fijación interna y cobertura cutánea inmediata. Con el tratamiento estricto y los cuidados de las lesiones ortopédicas severas, la proporción de las complicaciones secundarias pueden disminuir. El tratamiento de las lesiones severas de las extremidades incluyendo las óseas combinadas con la de los tejidos blandos (piel, tejido subcutáneo, fascias, uniones músculo-tendinosas, ligamentos, periostio y estructuras neurovasculares), deben seguir un protocolo multidisciplinario: desbridamiento extenso de tejido no viable, erradicación de infecciones y reconstrucción o cobertura de tejidos. Por lo que todo cirujano ortopedista debe tener conocimiento básico del mismo, teniendo vital importancia el manejo adecuado, la técnica precisa para cada caso y el momento preciso para su solución.


More than 20% of the tarsometatarsal joint injuries (Lisfranc injuries) occur during motor vehicle accidents. This kind of trauma is infrequent and in 50% of cases closed reduction is used. A 18 year-old male patient sustained a high-energy trauma resulting in a Gustilo and Anderson III B open Lisfranc fracture dislocation of the left foot. Surgical debridement, open reduction and internal fixation, and immediate skin coverage were performed. The secondary complication rate may decrease with stringent treatment adherence and proper care of severe orthopedic injuries. Treatment of the latter, including bone and soft tissue injuries (skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascias, musculotendinous junctions, ligaments, periosteum, and neurovascular structures) should follow a multidisciplinary protocol: extensive debridement of nonviable tissue, eradication of infections, and tissue reconstruction or coverage. Thus, any orthopedic surgeon should possess basic knowledge of this protocol. Proper management, using the right technique in each case, and the right timing of treatment are of the utmost importance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Certification , Colonoscopy/standards , Medicine/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Specialization , Educational Measurement , Stress, Psychological , United Kingdom
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(11): 1415-1421, nov. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734877

ABSTRACT

Background: KIDSCREEN-52, which assesses health related quality of life in adolescents, has been adapted and validated in Chile showing excellent psychometric properties. There is a shorter version of the instrument, whose psychometric properties must be assessed. Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the instrument KIDSCREEN-27 in Chilean adolescents. Material and Methods: A secondary analysis of the database obtained for the adaptation and validation of KIDSCREEN-52. Results: The reliability, calculated through Cronbach’s alpha, for the entire instrument (five dimensions) was 0.89. For physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and relationship with parents and peer social support dimensions, scores were higher than 0.75 while for school environment, the score was 0.69. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the indices obtained to assess the goodness of fit in this study were a χ2 (314) = 10521.4, a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.064 and a Comparative Fit index = 0.96. KIDSCREEN-27 scores were higher among men in the physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and relationship with parents dimensions and among women in social support and peers and school environment dimensions. Scores were higher in younger age groups. Conclusions: The Chilean version of KIDSCREEN-27 instrument has adequate reliability and validity.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Quality of Life/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Age Factors , Chile , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Health Status , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Sex Factors
10.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 79(1): 31-39, 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706556

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La mayoría de los programas de salud reproductiva en Chile operan bajo la premisa de que todas las mujeres y en especial las adolescentes están o han estado comprometidas en relaciones sexuales consensuales, y no consideran que muchas de ellas pueden ser sobrevivientes de agresión sexual y pueden presentar necesidades diferentes en salud sexual y reproductiva. Objetivo: Examinar cuáles conductas de riesgo y variables sociodemográficas y familiares están asociadas al antecedente de agresión sexual en adolescentes consultantes en un centro de atención en salud sexual y reproductiva. Método: Estudio analítico de corte transversal. La información fue recolectada en la primera consulta a 3.064 adolescentes mujeres entre 12 y 19 años, atendidas en un centro de salud sexual y reproductiva en el período 2003-2010. Se usó regresión logística para identificar los factores asociados a la agresión sexual. Resultados: Un 22,7 por ciento reportó antecedente de agresión sexual. Las conductas de riesgo asociadas al antecedente de agresión sexual fueron: inicio de la actividad sexual bajo coerción o bajo efectos del alcohol, mayor número de relaciones afectivas y parejas sexuales, menor edad al inicio de la actividad sexual, menor promedio de notas, mayor consumo de cigarrillo, de alcohol y drogas, y menor edad al inicio del consumo de drogas. Conclusión: El antecedente de agresión sexual deja a las mujeres expuestas a riesgos en la salud sexual y reproductiva, por lo que los equipos de salud debieran ser capaces de detectar estas problemáticas para poder intervenir en forma adecuada y eficaz.


Background: Most of reproductive health programs in Chile operate under the premise that women and adolescent girls in particular, are or have been engaged in consensual sex and do not consider that many of them may be survivors of sexual abuse, and may have different needs in sexual and reproductive health. Objective: Determine which risk behaviors and familial variables are associated with sexual aggression history in adolescents consulting at sexual and reproductive health center. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study. The information was gathered from a structured interview applied in the first consultation to 3,064 adolescent girls between 12 and 19 years, who attended a sexual and reproductive health centre for the period 2003-2010. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with sexual assault. Results: A 22.7 percent reported sexual assault history. Risk behaviors associated with sexual aggression were: onset of sexual activity forced or under influence of alcohol, as many relationships and sexual partners, younger age at onset of sexual activity, lower grade point average, cigarette smoking, alcohol and drug use and younger age at onset of drug use. Conclusion: A history of sexual aggression leaves women at risk for sexual and reproductive health, so health teams should be able to detect these problems in order to intervene appropriately and effectively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Child , Young Adult , Child Abuse, Sexual , Rape , Reproductive Health Services , Risk-Taking , Sex Offenses , Adolescent Health Services , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Relations , Socioeconomic Factors
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(10): 1283-1292, oct. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701736

ABSTRACT

Background: KIDSCREEN-52 is an instrument to assess health related quality of life in children and adolescents. Aim: To culturally adapt and validate the KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire in Chileans. Material and Methods: Two independent translations from the English Spanish language were conciliated and retranslated to English. The conciliated version was tested during a cognitive interview to adolescents of different socioeconomic levels. The final version was validated in 7,910 school attending adolescents. Results: In the cross-cultural adaptation, 50 of the 52 items presented low or medium levels of difficulty and a high semantic equivalence. Distribution according to gender, grades and types of schools was similar to the sample. Single ages were not affected by sex distribution. The Confirmatory Factor Analyses were: X² (1229) = 20996.7, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .045 and Comparative Fit Index = .96. The instrument had a Cronbach’s alpha of .93. The domains had scores over 0.70 points, with the exception of the "Selfperception" domain, with a score of 0.62. Conclusions: The Chilean version of KIDSCREEN-52 is culturally appropriate and semantically equivalent in its English and Spanish versions (from Spain). Its reliability and validity were adequate.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Health Status , Quality of Life , Chile , Cultural Characteristics , Interview, Psychological , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Schools , Translations
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(3): 313-319, mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677338

ABSTRACT

Background: Nowadays, adolescent population begins sexual activity earlier, a behavior with negativepsychological ana social consequences. Aim: To determine the association between family factors and early sexual activity in adolescents oflow and middle socioeconomic level. Material and Methods: A sample of 3,210 adolescents, who confidentially requested care in a sexual and reproductive health university center, between 2000 and 2007, was analyzed. Adolescents who started sexual activity before 15years ofage, and those who started sexual activity after 15years ofage, were compared. Data was collectedfrom structured interviews conducted at the adolescente firstvisit. Logistic regression was used to identify family factors associated with early sexual initiatingin both, men and women. Results: Family factors associated with early sexual activity startwere not being raised by both parents, apoor parent-child relationship, a poor family communication, mothers with a history of adolescent motherhood, mothers employed outside the home and family dysfunction. Among women, the variables associated with a higher risk of early sexual debut were not married parents and history of adolescent fatherhood record among parents. Among men, these variables were permissions without restriction during the week and punishment when family rules were broken. Conclusions: Family factors must be considered in the design ofstrategies to prevent early sexual activity.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Coitus/psychology , Family Relations , Age Factors , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
13.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 78(1): 4-13, 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677303

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: escasa evidencia está disponible en Chile acerca del inicio de la actividad sexual adolescente. Objetivo: examinar cuales variables identificadas previamente están asociadas al inicio de la actividad sexual en una población adolescente de nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo de la Región Metropolitana. Método: los datos corresponden a adolescentes consultantes en CEMERA. Se compararon con adolescentes que habían iniciado actividad sexual y aquellos que no. La información fue recolectada en la primera consulta a 5.854 adolescentes de ambos sexos entre 12 y 19 años. Se usó regresión logística para identificar los factores asociados al inicio sexual. Resultados: 92,6 por ciento mujeres y 7,4 por ciento hombres. El 84,2 por ciento había iniciado actividad sexual y no el 15,8 por ciento. Las variables asociadas al inicio sexual fueron: ser hombre; mayor edad; mayor escolaridad; aspiraciones académicas básicas; desempeño escolar bajo; repitencia escolar; no afiliación religiosa; no asistencia a servicios religiosos; tener un trabajo; tener pareja mayor; tener una pareja que trabaje; conversar temas de sexualidad solo con la pareja; más parejas románticas; no participación social; historia de abuso sexual; mayor número de hijos; mala relación padre-hijo; mala comunicación familiar; supervisión parental limitada; historia de paternidad y/o maternidad adolescente en los padres; padres con baja educación; menor supervisión parental. Conclusión: se necesitan programas que motiven a retardar el inicio sexual. Los programas de educación sexual deberían animar a la conversación de los temas de sexualidad con los padres y capacitar a los educandos a demorar el inicio sexual y/o obtener anticonceptivos, en forma expedita, amigable y confidencial.


Background: little evidence is available from Chile concerning adolescent people's sexual debut. Objective: to examine which variables previously identified were associated to the sexual activity in adolescent populations in precarious economic settings of Metropolitan Region. Method: data from a population of adolescents attending at CEMERA were used to compare those who had sexual debut and those who had not. Analysis used data collected at the adolescent's first visit of 5,854 adolescents, both sexes, aged 12-19. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with sexual debut. Results: 92.6 percent were females and 7.4 percent males. 84.2 percent adolescents had sexual debut and 15.8 percent did not. Variables associated with sexual debut were: gender (male); age (older); education (higher): low academic aspirations (finishing high school only); low academic performance; repeating an academic year; no religious affiliation; no attendance at religious services; having a job; having an older partner; having a partner who works; discussing topics related to sexuality only with partner; more lifetime romantic partners; no social participation; history of sexual abuse; higher number of siblings; poor parent-child relationship; poor family communications; limited parental supervision; history of adolescent parenthood in parents; low parental education; low family involvement in the adolescent's life. Conclusion: programs that encourage the delay of sexual debut are needed. Sexual health education programs should encourage the discussion of sexuality with parents and enable girls and boys to delay sexual debut or to obtain contraceptives easily and privately.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Adolescent Behavior , Coitus , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Health Services , Analysis of Variance , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Relations , Sex Factors , Social Class , Socioeconomic Factors
14.
Enferm. univ ; 9(4): 57-68, oct.-dic. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-706952

ABSTRACT

Las personas con deficiencias auditivas suman hoy en día una población, cada vez más grande dentro de nuestro país. Forman un grupo con características y necesidades propias de una cultura en particular. Utilizan diferentes formas de comunicación para una inserción oportuna en los diferentes ámbitos socioculturales dentro de una sociedad oyente con la cual comparten las mismas inquietudes y necesidades. A partir de la experiencia hospitalaria se ve la necesidad de la búsqueda de intervenciones de comunicación exitosas durante el cuidado a personas con deficiencias auditivas por el personal de salud para establecer un diagnóstico y plan de cuidados oportunos que respondan a las necesidades surgidas durante el proceso salud-enfermedad. La pregunta que guió esta revisión de la literatura fue ¿Cuáles son las intervenciones de comunicación para el cuidado a la salud en personas con deficiencia auditiva que existen en la literatura de enfermería en el periodo 2000-2012? Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Index, Redalyc, Cuiden plus, Cuiden Evidentia y Lilacs con las siguientes palabras clave en español e inglés: Pacientes sordomudos, Sordera, Deficiencia auditiva, lenguaje de señas, Comunicación, Educación, Cuidado, Salud, Enfermería. Se identificó un total de 437 artículos, estos fueron depurados de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión y se obtuvo un total de 17 artículos útiles. Los resultados de esta revisión confirman que la comunicación no verbal en su modalidad de lenguaje de señas, materiales visuales y el uso de intérpretes; resultan exitosos durante el cuidado para el establecimiento del proceso comunicativo ya que forman parte de un sistema lingüístico propio y oficialmente reconocido como parte de una cultura sorda.


People suffering from auditory impairments are an everyday larger population with unique characteristics, needs, and culture. These persons have to use specific communication protocols to become part of a hearing society, in which they also share the same expectations and needs. It is necessary to design successful communication interventions on persons with auditory impairments in order to establish adequate care plans which can timely address their health-illness process needs. The question guiding this literature review was: Which were the healthcare communication interventions on persons with auditory impairments between the year 2000 and 2012? PubMed, Scielo, Index, Redalyc, Cuiden plus, Cuiden Evidentia and Lilacs databases were consulted with the following key words in English and Spanish: deaf-mute patients, deafness, auditory impairment, sign-languages, communication, education, care, health, nursing. A total of 437 articles were identified, and after inclusion criteria were applied, 17 final articles were kept. Outcomes of this review confirm that non-verbal communication in its sign language form, visual aids, and the use of interpreters, are all useful and culturally acknowledged during the care process in people suffering from auditory impairments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female
15.
Rev. chil. ultrason ; 15(2): 62-69, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-712361

ABSTRACT

The Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue out of the uterine cavity. Three different types exist of endometriosis: peritoneal, ovary and infiltrating deep (DIE), the latter is characterized for presenting endometriotic lesions that spread more than 5 mm of depth below the peritoneum. The motive of the following publication is to announce the different diagnostic capacities up to the date known about the different technologies of images and in addition to present 5 DIE’S clinical cases, which diagnosis was possible by transvaginal ultrasonography with bowel preparation and intravaginal ultrasound gel. Both technologies of images more used for DIE’S diagnosis are the magnetic Resonance (RM) and the Transvaginal Ultrasonography. The Sensibility and Specificity brought for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in DIE are: Sensibility 76 percent to 88 percent and Specificity 97 percent in regions retrocervical and rectosigmoid respectively. For the ECO TV there are brought Senbilities and Specificities that go from 74 percent to 95 percent and from 50 percent to 98 percent respectively, depending on the region of commitment, author and used technology. Conclusion: there is demonstrated that the ECO TV with intestinal preparation and use of solid gel intravaginal is a good diagnostic tool for the study and DIE’S diagnosis pre operatively.


La Endometriosis se define como la presencia de tejido endometrial fuera de la cavidad uterina. Existen tres diferentes tipos de endometriosis: peritoneal, ovárica e infiltrante profunda (DIE), ésta última se caracteriza por presentar lesiones endometriósicas que se extienden más de 5 mm de profundidad por debajo del peritoneo. El motivo de la siguiente publicación es dar a conocer las distintas capacidades diagnósticas, hasta la fecha conocidas de las distintas técnicas imagenológicas y además presentar 5 casos clínicos de DIE, cuyo diagnóstico fue posible mediante ecotomografía transvaginal con preparación intestinal y gel para ultrasonido intravaginal. Las dos técnicas imagenológicas más usadas para el diagnóstico de DIE son la resonancia magnética (RM) y la ecotomografía transvaginal (ECO TV) en sus distintas variantes. La Sensibilidad y Especificidad reportada para RM en DIE son: Sensibilidad 76 por ciento a un 88 por ciento y Especificidad de un 83 a un 97 por ciento en regiones retrocervicales y rectosigmoides respectivamente. Para la ECO TV se reportan Senbilidades y Especificidades que van desde un 74 por ciento a un 95 por ciento y de un 50 por ciento a un 98 por ciento respectivamente, dependiendo de la región de compromiso, autor y técnica utilizada. Conclusión: Se demuestra con este trabajo, que la ECO TV con preparación intestinal y uso de gel sólido intravaginal es una buena herramienta diagnóstica para el estudio y diagnóstico de DIE pre operatorio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Endometriosis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Ultrasonography , Endosonography , Endometriosis/complications , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Vagina
16.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(6): 413-422, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665589

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La agresión sexual es un evento traumático y doloroso que afecta de manera transversal, a las víctimas de ambos sexos, de todos los niveles socioeconómicos con graves consecuencias para la salud física, psicológica y social para quienes la sufren. Objetivo: Determinar las características de las agresiones sexuales y sus consecuencias en adolescentes consultantes en un centro de atención en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva. Método: Estudio analítico de corte transversal de 573 adolescentes atendidas en un centro de medicina reproductiva (CEMERA) en el período 2003-2010 y que reportaron antecedente de abuso sexual. Se estudiaron tanto las características como las consecuencias del abuso, datos que se obtuvieron desde las fichas clínicas. Resultados: En el 86,5 por ciento de los casos se reportó abuso sexual y en un 13,5 por ciento violación. El 48,5 por ciento de los agresores son familiares. La edad más vulnerable fue entre 5-9 años con un 41,2 porciento. En el 39,2 por ciento el abuso sexual fue reiterado. En un 43,4 por ciento el lugar fue el propio hogar de la víctima. Un 70 por ciento reveló y de estos el 45,9 por ciento lo hizo en forma tardía. Sólo en un 19 por ciento se hizo la denuncia legal. De las adolescentes que iniciaron actividad sexual voluntaria (83,3 por ciento), un 35,4 por ciento tenía menos de 15 años. Un 11,8 por ciento reportó 3 y más parejas sexuales. Conclusión: El antecedente de abuso sexual debe ser considerado en la atención de adolescentes que consultan por salud sexual y reproductiva. El equipo de salud debe estar preparado para atender sus múltiples necesidades.


Background: Sexual assault is a traumatic and painful event, which affects victims of both genders, across all socioeconomic levels, with serious consequences for physical, psychological, and social health. Objective: Determine the characteristics of sexual assault and its consequences in adolescents at a sexual and reproductive health center. Method: Analytic and cross-sectional study of 573 adolescents seen at a reproductive medicine center (CEMERA) in the period 2003-2010 and who reported history of sexual abuse. Patient's clinical records were reviewed to study the characteristics as well as the consequences of sexual abuse. Results: The abuse was reported as sexual abuse in 86.5 percent of the cases and as rape in 13.5 percent. In 48.5 percent of the cases, the aggressors were relatives of the victims. The most vulnerable group is between 5-9 of age, representing 41.2 percent of the cases. For 39.2 percent of the cases, the sexual abuse was reiterative, and in 43.4 percent, the abuse took place on the victim's home. 70 percent of the victims told someone about the abuse; 45.9 percent of those revealed their abuse in a delay manner. Only 19 percent of victims filed a legal complaint. Of the adolescents who started voluntary sexual activity (83.3 percent) a 35.4 percent was under de age of 15, and 11,8 percent reported having 3 or more sexual partners. Conclusion: A history of sexual abuse must be considered in the attention of adolescents who consult for reproductive and sexual health. The health team must be prepared to address their multiple needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Child , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Analysis of Variance , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk-Taking , Sex Offenses , Adolescent Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Rape/statistics & numerical data
17.
Rev. psiquiatr. clín. (Santiago de Chile) ; 49(2): 9-21, July-dec. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702145

ABSTRACT

Este estudio reporta los resultados de la aplicación en Chile de la Batería Multidimensional de Cuestionarios Culturales para la investigación en salud mental desarrollada en Heidebelberg, Alemania (freund et al., 2011). El propósito de esta batería es contribuir a la investigación transcultural en el ámbito de la salud mental, mediante la medición de un espectro amplio y heterogéneo de variables culturales, en un nivel individual. La batería está compuesta por una adaptación de las siguientes escalas: Escala de Conceptualización del Self ( Self-Construal Scale SCS; Singelis, 1994). Escala de Ideología de los Roles Sexuales (Sex-Role Ideology Scales, SRIS; Kalin & Tilby, 1978) y Escala de Rigidez-Flexibilidad de las Normas (Tightness-Looseness Scale, TLS; Gelfand et al., 2007). Se aplicó la batería en una muestra representativa de 343 participantes de Santiago, Chile. Los resultados indican adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en todas las escalas seleccionadas. Destacan en los resultados, los altos puntajes de la población chilena en las variables independencia e interdependencia en la conceptualización del self; una ideología de roles sexuales más igualitaria en jóvenes y personas de mayor ingreso económico y mayor rigidez en las normas familiares que en las normas sociales


This study reports the results of the application, in Chile of the Multidimensional Battery of Cultural Questionnaires for research in mental health, developed in Heidelberg, Germany (freund et al., 2011). The purpose of this battery was to contribute to transcultural research in the field of mental health by measuring a wide and diverse range of cultural variables on an individual level. The battery is composed of adaptations of the following sacale: the Self-Construal Scale (SCS; Singelis, 194), the Sex-Role Ideology Scale (SRIS; Kalin & Tilby, 1978), and the Tightness-Looseness Scale (TLS; Gelfand eta al., 2007). The battery was administered to a representative sample of 343 participants from Santiago, Chile. All of the scales used were found to have adequate psychometric properties. The results show that Chileans score higher on independent and independent measures of self-construal; women, youths, and people of higher income level have more egalitarian sex-role ideology; and there is greater tightness to family then to social norms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mental Health , Cultural Characteristics , Weights and Measures
18.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 75(2): 84-90, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-565381

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El contexto en que se inicia la actividad sexual en adolescentes tiene importantes signifca-dos para las personas e implicancias en salud pública. Objetivo: Conocer con un enfoque exploratorio, los factores que infuyen en el inicio de la actividad sexual en adolescentes y explorar el contexto en el cual ocurre. Método: Muestra de adolescentes, hombres y mujeres, sexualmente activos entre 14 y 19 años, re-clutados en el CEMERA, durante 2007. Se realizaron 117 entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se utilizó el análisis temático de los datos. Los signifcados e interpretaciones fueron constantemente verifcados a través de sucesivos análisis. Resultados: El grado de control personal que tuvieron sobre los factores que condujeron a su primera experiencia sexual, determinó como ellos/as se sintieron con esta experiencia. Aquellos/as que dijeron que había sido una buena experiencia, demoraron el inicio sexual hasta que se sintieron cómodos/as con el momento y con quien debutaron sexualmente. Sin embargo, sentimientos de culpa marcaron el evento, porque ellos/as habían transgredido las normas sociales. En contraste, la coerción de sus parejas y los efectos del alcohol, fueron razones que llevaron a una experiencia sexual prematura y no deseada. Conclusiones: El rol de la interacción con sus pares, el abuso de alcohol y la presión de la pareja, en el caso de las niñas, infuyen en la actividad sexual prematura y no deseada. Las intervenciones educacionales debieran considerar estos aspectos para que tengan relevancia personal y el impacto pueda ser mayor en la postergación del inicio de la actividad sexual o que esta sea protegida.


Background: It is important to understand that the timing and context in which sexual intercourse is initiated, has signifcant personal and public health implications. Objective: To explore the factors that infuence the initiation of frst intercourse among adolescent females and males and the context in which this event occurs. Methods: A sample of sexually active teenagers both female and male, aged between 14 and 19 years, were recruited from a University Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Care (CEMERA), during 2007. One hundred and seventeen semi structural interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Meanings and interpretations that emerged were constantly verifed through subsequent inquiry. Results: The degree of personal control over the factors that led to their frst experience of intercourse determined how adolescents refected upon the experience. Those who were ready and felt well were more likely to have delayed intercourse until they were comfortable with when and with whom the sexual debut occurred. However, feelings of blame because the social norms were transgressed marked the event. In contrast, coercion from sexual partners and being under effect of alcohol were reasons for premature and unwanted frst experience of sexual intercourse. Conclusions: The role of peer interaction and abuse of alcohol, and the pressure from sexual partner to infuence in premature and unwanted sexual activity, may to generate educational interventions of greater personal relevance and impact to prevent risky sexual behaviors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Coitus/psychology , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Interpersonal Relations , Interviews as Topic , Sex Factors , Sexual Partners , Adolescent Health Services/statistics & numerical data
19.
Enferm. univ ; 6(4): 7-14, Oct.-dic. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1028519

ABSTRACT

El trabajo escolar continuado bajo presión de tiempo y el ambiente físico son condiciones estresantes cuyos efectos provocan en los niños reacciones de adaptación. Los niños y adultos pueden mostrar diferentes modos de reaccionar frente al estrés; éste, juega un papel importante en las causas y el mantenimiento de problemas emocionales, lo que de acuerdo con ciertos autores es especialmente cierto en niños. El estrés puede ayudar en momentos de crisis ya que alerta los sentidos y hace estar en guardia, sin embargo también puede afectar la salud tanto física como mental, considerando lo anterior es importante que como enfermeras también valoremos este aspecto. Objetivo Identificar el nivel de estrés en niños(as) de primer año de primaria y valorar si existe correlación con alteraciones en su conducta. Metodología: Tipo de estudio observacional, correlacional, transversal, y descriptivo. Se integró un grupo de primer año de primaria de niños y niñas (n=41), a los que se les aplicaron los instrumentos con base en aceptación de sus padres. Se elaboraron y validaron dos cuestionarios, uno de 27 preguntas para medir el nivel de estrés, el segundo con 16 preguntas para valorar alteraciones en la conducta de los(as) niños(as). Se utilizaron las pruebas U de Mann Whitney para comparar el nivel de estrés de niños(as) y la de correlación de Spearman para estimar la correlación de las variables nivel de estrés y conducta. Resultados 34 niños presentaron niveles medios y altos de estrés, también tuvieron alteraciones en su conducta; Se obtuvo una rs=0.73, con un nivel de significancia de 0.1 (.432) entre nivel de estrés y conducta. Los 7 indicadores utilizados para la variable conducta tuvieron valores significativos, sin embargo los más altos son la agresividad y la frustración. Conclusiones 1.- Identificar los niveles de estrés en niños(as) permitirá el establecimiento de estrategias para su regulación en niveles no dañinos para su salud. 2.- Como enfermeras, este análisis, debiera formar parte de la valoración que se hace regularmente a estos grupos.


Continuous school activities under time pressure and unfavorable ambiences are stressful conditions which provoke adaptation reactions in children (and adults) are important causes of emotional problems. Stress con be helpful during certain moments because it alerts our senses, however, most of the time, it has a negative effect in our health. Objective: Identify stress level among children in their first year of elementary school, and also assess if this stress is correlated to their behavior alterations. Methodology Basic, observational, co rrelational and descriptive study with a sample of 41 boys and girls in their first year of elementary school. A 27 item instrument was designed to estimate the stress level, and a 16 item instrument was designed to assess behavior alterations. Mann Whitney U Test were used to assess the differences between boys and girls. Spearman correlations were obtained to assess the associations among stress and behavior variables. Results 34 children showed levels of stress from medium to high, and also alterations in their behaviors. Spearman´s rho was .73 and turned out to be significant the 7 conduct variable indicators were all significant, especially aggressiveness and frustration. Conclusions: 1 Identifying stress levels in children will result in strategies of control. 2 As nurses, this analysis should take por y of children´s regular assessments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adaptation, Psychological , Child , Stress, Psychological
20.
Rev. chil. ultrason ; 11(1): 14-17, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503406

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To confirm the high capacity of gynecologic ultrasound in defining the etiology of an adnexal mass. Methods: We studied 192 adnexal masses in 171 patients. By using a subjective Pattern Recognition System an experienced gynecological ultrasonographer established an etiologic diagnosis. Results: By using transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound (TVUS), an adequate etiological diagnosis was obtained in 88% of cases. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value for adnexal cancer was 61 and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: A trained operator can subjectively characterize an adnexal mass using TVUS, with an accuracy of about 90 percent, identifying with reasonable security benign functional masses, benign structural pathology, and malignant pathology.


Objetivos: Confirmar la alta capacidad de la ultrasonografía ginecológica para definir la etiología de una masa anexial. Material y Método: Se incluyó 192 masas anexiales en 171 pacientes, a las que mediante caracterización subjetiva por parte de operadores entrenados, se hizo un diagnóstico presuntivo etiológico. Resultados: En la población total estudiada, se logró un diagnóstico etiológico correcto mediante la ultrasonografía transvaginal o transrectal en el 88% de los casos. El VP(+) y (-) para Ca anexial fue de 61 y 100% respectivamente. Conclusión: Un operador entrenado puede caracterizar, subjetivamente, una masa anexial mediante ultrasonografía transvaginal o transrectal, con precisión cercana al 90 por ciento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Adnexal Diseases , Ovarian Neoplasms , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
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